Mechanisms of electroacupuncture relieves uterine smooth muscle spasm in dysmenorrhea rats based on Rho/ROCK signaling pathway. / 基于Rho/ROCKä¿¡å·é€šè·¯æŽ¢è®¨ç”µé’ˆä»»è„‰ã€ç£è„‰ç»ç©´ç¼“è§£ç±»ç—›ç»æ¨¡åž‹å¤§é¼ å­å®«å¹³æ»‘è‚Œç—‰æŒ›çš„æœºåˆ¶.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil-forming kinases (ROCK) signaling pathway of uterus tissue in rats with dysmenorrhea, so as to explore the underlying mechanism of EA treating primary dysmenorrhea (PD) and uterine smooth muscle spasm, and to observe whether there is a difference in the effect of meridian acupoints in Conception Vessel (CV) and Governer Vessel (GV). METHODS: Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into saline, model, CV, GV, and non-acupoint groups, with 12 rats in each group. The dysmenorrhea model was established by subcutaneous injection of estradiol diphenhydrate combined with intraperitoneal injection of oxytocin (OT). EA (2 Hz) was applied to "Qihai" (CV6) and "Zhongji" (CV3) for CV group, "Mingmen" (GV4) and "Yaoshu" (GV2) for GV group, "non-acupoint 1" and "non-acupoint 3" on the left side for non-acupoint group, and manual acupuncture was applied to "Guanyuan" (CV4) for CV group, "Yaoyangguan" (GV3) for GV group, "non-acupoint 2" on the left side for non-acupoint group. The treatment was conducted for 20 min each time, once daily for 10 days. The writhing score was evaluated. The smooth myoelectric signals of rats' uterus in vivo were recorded by multi-channel physiological recorder. The uterine histopathological changes were observed by HE staining. The contents of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), OT and calcium ion (Ca2+) in uterine tissue of rats were detected by ELISA. The protein and mRNA expression levels of smooth muscle 22-α (SM22-α), RhoA and ROCKⅡ in uterine tissue were detected by Western blot and fluorescence quantitative PCR, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with the saline group, the writhing score of rats in the model group was increased (P<0.01), the amplitude voltage of uterine smooth muscle in vivo was elevated (P<0.01), the contents of PGF2α, OT and Ca2+, the protein and mRNA expression of SM22-α, RhoA and ROCK Ⅱ in uterine tissue were all increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model and the non-acupoint groups, the writhing scores of the CV and the GV groups were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), the amplitude voltage of uterine smooth muscle was decreased (P<0.01), the contents of PGF2α, OT and Ca2+ in uterine tissue were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the protein expression and mRNA expression of SM22-α, RhoA and ROCKⅡ in uterine tissue were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05). HE staining showed extensive exfoliation of uterine intima with severe edema and increased glandular secretion in the model group, which was alleviated in the CV and GV groups. CONCLUSIONS: EA at acupoints of CV and GV can significantly reduce the writhing score, uterine smooth muscle amplitude voltage, pathological injury degree of uterus, and relieve spasm of uterine smooth muscle in dysmenorrhea rats, which may be related to its effect in regulating PGF2α and OT contents, inhibiting the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway, and reducing the SM22-α, RhoA, ROCKⅡ protein and mRNA expression, and Ca2+ content in uterine tissue.

Effect of Auricular Acupoint Bloodletting plus Auricular Acupressure on Sleep Quality and Neuroendocrine Level in College Students with Primary Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of auricular acupoint bloodletting (AB) and auricular acupressure (AA) on sleep quality and the levels of melatonin (MT), glutamic acid (Glu), and γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) in college students with primary insomnia, and to explore the possible mechanism. METHODS: Totally 74 college students at Hebei University of Chinese Medicine with primary insomnia were selected from October 2019 to October 2020. All patients were assigned to AB+AA group (37 cases, received combination of AB and AA) and AA group (37 cases, received only AA on the same acupoints) by a random number table. Each group was treated twice a week for 4 weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome score, total effective rate, serum concentrations of MT, Glu, and GABA, and Glu/GABA ratio were compared between the two groups after treatment and at follow-up. The safety of therapy was also evaluated. RESULTS: After 4-week treatment, the total scores of PSQI, each PSQI component score, and the CM syndrome scores in both groups all decreased (P<0.05); the serum MT concentrations in both groups all increased (P<0.05). The concentrations of Glu and GABA in the AB+AA group were significantly higher than those in the AA group after treatment (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the ratio of Glu/GABA in both groups before and after treatment (P>0.05). At follow-up, the CM syndrome score in the AB+AA group was significantly lower than that in the AA group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in total effective rates and adverse events (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both AB+AA and AA can relieve insomnia symptoms, but a stronger long-term effect were observed for AB+AA. AB+AA can promote the secretion of MT, increase the levels of Glu and GABA more effective than AA, and regulate their imbalance, and thus it may be benificial for treating insomnia.

[Clinical observation on different frequency of auricular bloodletting combined with auricular point sticking for acne vulgaris].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of different treatment frequency of auricular bloodletting combined with auricular point sticking for acne vulgaris. METHODS: A total of 90 patients with acne vulgaris were randomized into a treatment group 1 (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off), a treatment group 2 (30 cases, 4 cases dropped off) and a treatment group 3 (30 cases, 5 cases dropped off). Combination therapy of auricular bloodletting and auricular point sticking at Fei (CO14), Shenmen (TF4), Neifenmi (CO18) and Shenshangxian (TG2p) were given once a week, twice a week and 3 times a week in the treatment group 1, the treatment group 2 and the treatment group 3 respectively, 4 weeks were as one course and totally 3 courses were required in the 3 groups. Before treatment and after 1, 2, 3 courses of treatment, the scores of global acne grading system (GAGS), skin lesion and quality of life-acne (QoL-Acne) were observed, the clinical efficacy was evaluated after 3 courses of treatment and the recurrence rate was evaluated in follow-up of 1 month after treatment in the 3 groups. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the scores of GAGS and skin lesion were decreased at each time point in the 3 groups (P<0.05), the QoL-Acne scores were increased after 1 course of treatment in the treatment group 3 and after 2, 3 courses of treatment in the 3 groups (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in scores of GAGS, skin lesion and QoL-Acne among the 3 groups (P>0.05). There were no statistical differences in effective rate and recurrence rate among the 3 groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Different frequency of auricular bloodletting combined with auricular point sticking have similar efficacy in treating acne vulgaris, all can improve the skin lesion and quality of life in patients with acne vulgaris, and have a cumulative effect and good long-term curative effect.

[Effect of moxibustion on quality of life in tumor patients: network Meta-analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To rank the effectiveness of various moxibustion methods on the quality of life in tumor patients, and explore the best treatment plan of moxibustion for improving the quality of life in tumor patients from the perspective of evidence-based medicine. METHODS: The Chinese and English literature of randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the effect of moxibustion on the quality of life in tumor patients were searched in PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang and VIP. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the databases to October 31, 2020. The R3.6.2 and Stata15.0 software were used for network Meta-analysis based on Bayesian model. RESULTS: A total of 30 Chinese RCTs were included, including 2 169 patients, involving 16 interventions. In terms of the effectiveness of improving quality of life, the top three treatments were special moxibustion plus other therapies 1 (either of tendon acupuncture, acupoint pressing, acupoint injection, etc.), wheat-grain moxibustion and mild moxibustion. The special moxibustion methods were the combination of fire-dragon moxibustion, thunder-fire moxibustion, fuyang fire moxibustion and moxa salt-bag moxibustion. The number of literature of these four moxibustion methods was small. Considering the clinical application of moxibustion, it was concluded that wheat-grain moxibustion ranked first. CONCLUSION: The adjuvant treatment of wheat-grain moxibustion is more effective than other moxibustion methods on improving the quality of life in tumor patients, but the results needed to be further verified because the bias risk of RCT included in this study is high and the sample size is small.

Modified Renshen Yangrong decoction enhances angiogenesis in ischemic stroke through promotion of MicroRNA-210 expression by regulating the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the efficacy of modified Ginseng Yangrong decoction (GSYRD) promoting angiogenesis after ischemic stroke. METHODS: In an in vivo study, rats that survived surgery were allocated into four groups: the control group and model group were treated with normal saline, the GSYRD group was treated with 18.9 mg/kg of GSYRD daily, and the positive control group was treated with Tongxinluo (TXL) (1 g/kg/d). At the end of the seven-day treatment, the area of cerebral infarction, the expression changes of miRNA-210 and ephrin A3 were determined. In an in vitro study, HUVECs were divided into a normal control serum group (NC group), normal control serum OGD group (Oxygen Glucose Deprivation group) (OGD group), OGD + drug-containing serum group (OGD+GSYRD group), and OGD + drug-containing serum + ES group (Endostatin group) (OGD+GSYRD+ES group). The cells in all groups except the NC group were cultured in a sugar-free DMEM medium under hypoxia for 48 h. Cell proliferation, angiogenic structure formation ability, the expression changes of miRNA-210, ephrin A3, and the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway-related molecules were determined. RESULTS: In vivo, GSYRD significantly reduced infarct size (p < .01), the expression of miRNA-210 and ephrin A3 were decreased in the GSYRD group (p < .05). In vitro, the cell proliferation and tube formation ability were significantly increased in the GSYRD group (p < .05), and the expression of miRNA-210 and ephrin A3 was decreased (p < .05). In addition, in the GSYRD group, the expression of the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway-related molecules was significantly increased (p < .01 or p < .05). CONCLUSION: GSYRD promotes cerebral protection following angiogenesis and ischemic brain injury. The specific mechanism was activating the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway via miRNA-210.

[Comparative study on the academic thought of bloodletting for expelling pathogens between Jin-Yuan Dynasties and Ming-Qing Dynasties].

The relevant provisions of bloodletting for expelling pathogens are collected from the works of the medical representative scholars in Jin-Yuan Dynasties and Ming-Qing Dynasties respectively to construct the databases of bloodletting for expelling pathogens of Jin-Yuan Dynasties and Ming-Qing Dynasties. Using frequency analysis, the bloodletting device, bloodletting location, bloodletting volume, the related pathogens and indications are compared between these two times so that the evidences could be provided for the inheritance and development of the academic thought of bloodletting for expelling pathogens. It is found that the three-edge needle is the most commonly used device for bloodletting in Jin-Yuan Dynasties and Ming-Qing Dynasties and yang meridians and local affected area are generally selected for bloodletting. The range of meridian and acupoint selection in Ming-Qing Dynasties are more extensive than those in Jin-Yuan Dynasties, while bloodletting volume is less than that in Jin-Yuan Dynasties. In Jin-Yuan Dynasties, bloodletting therapy is mainly for expelling exogenous pathogens i.e. heat, fire and wind, while, in Ming-Qing Dynasties, this therapy is specially for clearing heat and removing stasis. The disorders of internal medicine are often treated with such therapy in these two dynasties. But, compared with Jin-Yuan Dynasties, the indication of bloodletting therapy is expanded gradually in Ming-Qing Dynasties. It is shown that the academic thought of bloodletting for expelling pathogens in Jin-Yuan Dynasties is inherited and developed from Ming-Qing Dynasties.

[Employment status of interdisciplinary talents of English and acupuncture-moxibustion and tuina at home and abroad under the strategic background of "One Belt and One Road"].

The employment situation and advantages of interdisciplinary talents of English and acupuncture-moxibustion and tuina at home and abroad are analyzed. The employment rate and further education rate of interdisciplinary talents of English and acupunctue-moxibustion and tuina are higher than those of the normal undergraduates majoring in acupunctue-moxibustion and tuina. The interdisciplinary talents of English and acupuncture-moxibustion and tuina at home are characterized by solid professional foundation and good specialized English, and high comprehensive quality; and the interdisciplinary talents at abroad are characterized by solid professional foundation and good language ability. The interdisciplinary talents of English and acupuncture-moxibustion and tuina should grasp the advantages, cultivate international vision to adapt to international standards, improve the level of clinical practice, promote comprehensive ability, furthermore, improve the employment competitiveness and promote the internationalization of acupuncture- moxibustion and tuina.

Astragaloside IV regulates the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway through miRNA-210 to promote angiogenesis after ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND: Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is one of the main active ingredients of Astragalusmembranaceus. Studies have shown that AS-IV stimulates angiogenesis, including cell proliferation, migration, and neovascularization. However, the relevant mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether AS-IV activates the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway through miRNA-210 to promote angiogenesisafter ischemic stroke. METHODS: The present study established a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under hypoxic conditions in vitro to investigate the role of AS-IV in promoting angiogenesis and reveal its underlying mechanism. Through in vivo studies, the area of cerebral infarction was determined by 2,3,5-triPhenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Immunofluorescence staining and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression changes of miRNA-210 and ephrinA3 in the ischemic cortex after ischemia. Through in vitro studies, cell proliferation was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Subsequently, angiogenesis experiments were performed to observe the angiogenic ability. RESULTS: Results revealed that AS-IV significantly reduced infarct size, promoted cell proliferation and ductal formation, and inhibited the expression of the target gene ephrinA3 by increasing the expression of miRNA-210 and inducing activation of the HIF-VEGF-Notch signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: AS-IV promotes cerebral protection following angiogenesis and ischemic brain injury. The specific mechanism was activating the HIF/VEGF/Notch signaling pathway via miRNA-210.

[Effect of Acupoint Application Therapy of Summer Treatment for Winter Diseases on Nerve-Endocrine-Immune Network System in Patient with Non-Acute Attack Asthma].

Objective To observe the effect of acupoint application therapy in summer to treat winter diseases (abbreviated as AATSTWD) on nerve-endocrine-immune network system in patients with non-acute attack asthma, and to study possible mechanisms. Methods Fifty healthy volunteers were re- cruited as the normal control group and 50 patients with non-acute attack asthma were recruited as the asthma group. Patients in the normal control group received no intervention. Those in the control group were treated with acupoint application therapy on hot days (applied on the first day of three dog days, 3 times in total). Blood samples were tested before treatment and after 3 times of application. The contents of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) , interleukin-4 (IL-4) , plasma substance P (SP) , and vasoactive intes- tinal peptide (VIP) were detected using radioimmunoassay. Contents of immunoglobulin A and G (IgA, IgG) were tested by immunoturbidimetry. Content of interferon-y (INF-y) were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the normal control group, serum contents of IgA, igG, IFN-y, and plasma VIP decreased, contents of IgE, IL-4, and SP significantly increased in the asthma group before treatment (P <0. 05). Compared with before treatment in the same group, serum contents of IgA, IgG, VIP, and IFN-y increased, and contents of IgE, IL-4, and SP decreased in the asthma group after treatment (P <0. 05). Conclusion Acupoint application therapy in summer to treat winter diseases method could prevent and treat bronchial asthma possibly through improving immune function, control- ling the release of cytokines , and regulating neurotransmitters.

Interpersonal self-support and attentional disengagement from emotional faces.

Prior studies have shown that interpersonal self-support is related to emotional symptoms. The present study explored the relationship between interpersonal self-support and attentional disengagement from emotional faces. A spatial cueing task was administrated to 21 high and 24 low interpersonal self-support Chinese undergraduate students to assess difficulty in shifting away from emotional faces. The Sidak corrected multiple pairwise tests revealed that the low interpersonal self-support group had greater response latencies on negative faces than neutral faces or positive faces in the invalid cues condition, F(2, 41) = 5.68, p < .01, η2 = .22. In addition, in the invalid cues condition, the low interpersonal self-support group responded more slowly than the high interpersonal self-support group to negative faces, F(1, 42) = 7.63, p < .01, η2 = .15, the 95% confidence interval for difference of reaction time from 16.30 to 104.70. The results support our hypotheses that low interpersonal self-support is related to difficulty disengaging from negative emotional information and suggest that interpersonal self-support may refer to emotional dispositions, especially negative emotional dispositions.

Interpersonal self-support and attentional bias on negative and positive interpersonal information.

Interpersonal self-support is an indigenous Chinese personality concept. It represents the idealized notion of the kind of personality traits that help individuals deal with interpersonal problems and develop and maintain the harmonic and appropriate social relationships required in China's collectivistic and interdependent culture. It also was assumed to be a protective personality factor with regard to mental health and was found to be negatively related to psychosomatic symptoms. In the current study, cognitive processing of interpersonal information is assumed to be an underlying mechanism that connects interpersonal self-support with interpersonal relationships and mental health. To test this hypothesis, we conducted two experiments to investigate whether attentional bias on positive and negative interpersonal information was related to high and low interpersonal self-support. A spatial cueing task and the emotional Stroop task were administered to two samples of high and low interpersonal self-support Chinese undergraduate students to measure attentional bias. The results from both experiments suggested that high interpersonal self-support students had an attentional bias toward positive interpersonal information, while low interpersonal self-support students preferentially attended to negative interpersonal information. Study 1 indicated that attentional bias toward positive interpersonal information was easily engaged in the high interpersonal self-support group, while attentional bias toward negative interpersonal information was both easy to engage and difficult to disengage in the low interpersonal self-support students. These results support our hypotheses that high interpersonal self-support people engage in positive processing of interpersonal information, whereas low interpersonal self-support people engage in negative processing of interpersonal information. The differential balance between positive and negative processing on interpersonal information may explain why interpersonal self-support predicts both mental health and interpersonal relationships. In addition, the relational schema may explain why interpersonal self-support is associated with an attentional bias toward interpersonal information.